diff --git a/mempalace/convo_miner.py b/mempalace/convo_miner.py
index 3db2694..c316407 100644
--- a/mempalace/convo_miner.py
+++ b/mempalace/convo_miner.py
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ def mine_convos(
         # Normalize format
         try:
             content = normalize(str(filepath))
-        except Exception:
+        except (OSError, ValueError):
             continue
 
         if not content or len(content.strip()) < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE:
diff --git a/mempalace/entity_detector.py b/mempalace/entity_detector.py
index e2380f8..061778c 100644
--- a/mempalace/entity_detector.py
+++ b/mempalace/entity_detector.py
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ def detect_entities(file_paths: list, max_files: int = 10) -> dict:
             all_text.append(content)
             all_lines.extend(content.splitlines())
             files_read += 1
-        except Exception:
+        except OSError:
             continue
 
     combined_text = "\n".join(all_text)
diff --git a/mempalace/entity_registry.py b/mempalace/entity_registry.py
index 6ce9c62..24fef0a 100644
--- a/mempalace/entity_registry.py
+++ b/mempalace/entity_registry.py
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ def _wikipedia_lookup(word: str) -> dict:
                 "note": "not found in Wikipedia — likely a proper noun or unusual name",
             }
         return {"inferred_type": "unknown", "confidence": 0.0, "wiki_summary": None}
-    except Exception:
+    except (urllib.error.URLError, OSError, json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError):
         return {"inferred_type": "unknown", "confidence": 0.0, "wiki_summary": None}
 
 
diff --git a/mempalace/miner.py b/mempalace/miner.py
index 954813f..7510c77 100644
--- a/mempalace/miner.py
+++ b/mempalace/miner.py
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ def process_file(
 
     try:
         content = filepath.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
-    except Exception:
+    except OSError:
         return 0
 
     content = content.strip()
diff --git a/mempalace/normalize.py b/mempalace/normalize.py
index b82773b..9f1ebe6 100644
--- a/mempalace/normalize.py
+++ b/mempalace/normalize.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def normalize(filepath: str) -> str:
     try:
         with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace") as f:
             content = f.read()
-    except Exception as e:
+    except OSError as e:
         raise IOError(f"Could not read {filepath}: {e}")
 
     if not content.strip():
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ def _messages_to_transcript(messages: list, spellcheck: bool = True) -> str:
             from mempalace.spellcheck import spellcheck_user_text
 
             _fix = spellcheck_user_text
-        except Exception:
+        except ImportError:
             _fix = None
     else:
         _fix = None